Overview of OLED Display Module SPI 128x64 white pixels for Arduino
Features: Screen size: 0.96 inch Resolution: 128 x 64 Viewing angle: more than 160 degree Ultra-low power consumption: 0.06W - during normal operation Voltage: 3.3V to 5V DC Module Size: 27.8mm x 27.3mm x 4.3mm SPI interface, using only 5 I/O pins Driver IC: SSD1306 Pixel color: White Self-illuminated, backlight is not required
TP4056 is a lithium ion battery charger module that work using USB and wall adapter charger. This module equipped with mini USB port so you can charge it using normal phone charger or power bank.
Overview of TP4056 Micro USB 5V 1A Lithium Battery Charger Module
Features: Charge module: Linear charging Current: 1A adjustable Charge precision: 1.5% Input voltage: 4.5V-5.5V Full charge voltage: 4.2V Led indicator: red is charging green is full charged Input interface: mini USB Work temperature: -10℃ to +85℃ Inversed polarity: NO Size: small to 25X19X10mm Worldwide shipping: Amazon Aliexpress Ebay
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This XL6009 chip is used to increase the DC voltage up to 35V. Input voltage of this converter is ranging from 3V to 30V. This DC-DC module also known as adjustable voltage booster module. XL6009 regulator has wide input range that capable to generate either positive or negative voltages. This regulator can be configure as either a boost, flyback, SEPIC or inverting converter. Built in with N-channel power MOSFET and fixed frequency oscillator, current-mode architecture results in stable operation over wide range of input and output voltage.
The application of this XL6009 can be seen from notebook car adapter, automotive and industrial boost, buck-boost, inverting converter and portable electronic equipment. Nowadays, many XL6009 can be found as a adjustable buck-boost voltage converter to be used Arduino project application.
This non-isolated boost consist of Integrated Circuit (IC) XL6009E1, 47uH (470) inductor, 100uF 50V SMD electrolytic capacitor, 220uF 35V SMD electrolytic capacitor, SS34 SMD 3A 40V Schottky Diode and 10K Preset 3296W-103. This DC-DC module based on IC XL6009 is the second generation of high-frequency switching technology that offers superior performance over the first generation technology of LM2577.
This DC-DC module use a non-synchronous rectification circuit with a short circuit protection. The conversion efficiency of this module is up to 92%. This module is rated at a maximum current of 3A whereby heatsink is needed to prevent it from overheat.
Below is an overview video of DC-DC module and summary of this XL6009 booster.
Overview of XL6009 Arduino DC-DC Adjustable Step Up Voltage Booster Module
Features: Wide Input voltage: 3V-30V Output Voltage: 4-35V Adjustable Output current: rated current 3A MAX - Heat-sink Needed Conversion efficiency: Up to 92% Switching Frequency: 50KHz Rectifier: Non-Synchronous Rectification Short circuit protection: current limiting, since the recovery Operating temperature: Industrial grade -40 ℃ to +85 ℃ Full load temperature rise: 40 ℃ Load regulation: ± 0.5% Voltage regulation: ± 0.5% Size:47 x 26 x 15 mm Worldwide shipping: Amazon Aliexpress Ebay Banggood
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This ESP-201 module is one of the ESP8266 board version. This ESP8266 support both pcb antenna and external antenna using U.FL connector. ESP-201 comes with Ai-Thinker firmware as they are the 3rd party manufacture of Espressif chip. With a dimension of 25mm x 35mm, this board required de-soldering and soldering modification of middle pins to make sure it is breadboard friendly.
This ESP-201 board is recommended as its offer more pins over ESP-01 with a cheaper price than ESP-12. ESP-201 utilizes ESP8266EX chip by Espressif Systems. ESP8266EX has been designed for mobile, wearable electronics and Internet of Things applications with the aim of achieving the lowest power consumption with a combination of several proprietary techniques. The power saving architecture operates mainly in 3 modes: active mode, sleep mode and deep sleep mode. The major application of this ESP8266EX chip to IoT includes home appliances, home automation, smart lug and lights, mesh network, industrial wireless control, baby monitors, IP cameras, sensor networks, wearable electronics, WiFi location-aware devices, security ID tags and WiFi positioning system beacons.
There are up to 17 GPIO pins. They can be assigned to various functions by the firmware. Each GPIO can be configured with internal pull-up (except XPD_DCDC, which is configured with internal pulldown), input available for sampling by a software register, input triggering an edge or level CPU interrupt, input triggering a level wakeup interrupt, open-drain or push-pull output driver, or output source from a software register, or a sigma-delta PWM DAC. These pins are multiplexed with other functions such as I2C, I2S, UART and PWM.
ESP8266 ESP-201 (Top view)
ESP8266 ESP-201 (Bottom view)
Below is an overview video of ESP8266 ESP-201.
Overview of ESP8266 ESP-201 module
Features:
802.11 b/g/n
Wi-Fi Direct P2P, soft-AP
Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack
Integrated TR switch, LNA, power amplifier and matching network
Integrated PLLs, regulators, DCXO and power management units
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 pins of digital input or output pin where only 7 of them can be used as a pulse width modulation (PWM) output. There are also 6 analog input pin available for analog purpose. The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with an external power supply. The power source is selected automatically. Operating voltage of this Arduino Uno is 5V with input voltage ranging from 6-20V as a power source. The Arduino Uno differs from all preceding boards as it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version R2) programmed as a USB-to-serial converter. The Arduino Uno has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer, another Arduino, or other microcontrollers. The ATmega328 provides UART TTL (5V) serial communication, which is available on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). An ATmega16U2 on the board channels this serial communication over USB and appears as a virtual com port to software on the computer. The 16U2 firmware uses the standard USB COM drivers, and no external driver is needed.
Arduino Uno R3 (Top view)
Arduino Uno R3 (Bottom view)
The Arduino Uno has a resettable polyfuse that protects your computer's USB ports from shorts and overcurrent. Although most computers provide their own internal protection, the fuse provides an extra layer of protection. If more than 500 mA is applied to the USB port, the fuse will automatically break the connection until the short or overload is removed. The maximum length and width of the Uno PCB are 2.7 and 2.1 inches respectively, with the USB connector and power jack extending beyond the former dimension. Four screw holes allow the board to be attached to a surface or case. Note that the distance between digital pins 7 and 8 is 160 mil (0.16"), not an even multiple of the 100 mil spacing of the other pins.
Input and Output Pins of Arduino Uno R3:
Each of the 14 digital pins on the Uno can be used as an input or output, using pinMode(), digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions. They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40 mA and has an internal pull-up resistor (disconnected by default) of 20-50 kOhms. In addition, some pins have specialized functions:
Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. These pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL Serial chip.
External Interrupts: 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attachInterrupt() function for details.
PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function.
SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication using the SPI library.
LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off.
The Uno has 6 analog inputs, labeled A0 through A5, each of which provide 10 bits of resolution (i.e. 1024 different values). By default they measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to change the upper end of their range using the AREF pin and the analogReference() function. Additionally, some pins have specialized functionality:
TWI: A4 or SDA pin and A5 or SCL pin. Support TWI communication using the Wire library.
There are a couple of other pins on the board:
AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analogReference().
Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button to shields which block the one on the board.
Below is an overview video of Arduino Uno R3.
Overview of Arduino UNO board
Features:
Microcontroller: ATmega328
Operating Voltage: 5V
Input Voltage recommended: 7-12V
Input Voltage limits: 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins: 14 - of which 6 provide PWM output
Analog Input Pins: 6
DC Current per I/O Pin: 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
Flash Memory: 32 KB ATmega328 of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM: 2 KB - ATmega328
EEPROM: 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed: 16 MHz
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ESP8266 is a low cost WiFi chip with full TCP/IP stack and microcontroller capability produced by Shanghai-based Chinese manufacturer, Espressif system. This chip become widely available when third-party manufacture, Ai-Thinker started the production on August 2014. During that time, most of the documentation is not in english. This chip become famous due to very low price as compared to another WiFi enable module. In late 2014, Espressif released software development kit (SDK) which allow chip to be programmed without the needed of external microcontroller. Since that Espressif has been releasing the latest SDK with two version which is RTOS and NON-OS sdk. Besides that, there are a few another open source SDK instead of the original one. They are NodeMCU (Lua based firmware), Arduino (allow to be programmed as normal Arduino board), and MicroPython (Pyhton for embedded devices). ESP-01 is one of ESP8266 version. This WiFi module allow microcontrollers to access WiFi network.
ESP8266 ESP-01 (Top View)
With a built-in PCB antenna, this ESP-01 module become more flexible in term of size. Prototype development using this ESP-01 become more portable and compact without the big antenna.
ESP8266 ESP-01 (Bottom view)
There are 8 pins available in this ESP-01 including VCC and GND. Only two GPIO available in this ESP-01 series.
ESP8266 ESP-01 Pinout
ESP8266 is a complete and self-contained WiFi network solutions that can carry software applications or through another application processor. ESP8266 specifically for mobile devices, wearable electronics and networking applications design and make the machine to achieve the lowest energy consumption, together with several other patented technology. This energy-efficient construction in three modes: active mode, sleep mode and deep sleep mode type.
Below if an overview video of ESP-01.
Overview of ESP8266 ESP-01 Module
Features: 802.11 b/g/n
Wi-Fi Direct P2P, soft-AP
Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack
Integrated TR switch, LNA, power amplifier and matching network
Integrated PLLs, regulators, DCXO and power management units
+19.5dBm output power in 802.11b mode
Integrated low power 32-bit CPU could be used as application processor
NodeMCU V2 also known as NodeMCU v1.0 is the 2nd revision of NodeMCU series. This WiFi Internet of Things (IOT) module is compatible with Arduino IDE. The default mod for this ESP8266 ESP-12E chip is Ai-Thinker firmware. One of the main different between NodeMCU V1 and NodeMCU V2 is the chip was upgraded from ESP-12 to ESP-12E. The board in this version also become narrower compare as before which is a bit wider.
ESP8266 is high integration wireless SOCs, designed for space and power constrained mobile platform designers. It provides unsurpassed ability to embed Wi-Fi capabilities within other systems, or to function as a standalone application, with the lowest cost, and minimal space requirement.
The default baudrate for this NodeMCU V2 firmware is 9600 as shown in figure below.
Back view of NodeMCU V2 / NodeMCU v1.0
Top view of NodeMCU V2 / NodeMCU v1.0
The main reason of this revision become narrower is to allow the board fixed nicely into a breadboard. There are still one row of breadboard left after NodeMCU V2 being stacked. This extra row allow wire jumpers to be connected using a single breadboard only.
Alternately, serving as a Wi-Fi adapter, wireless internet access can be added to any micro controllerbased design with simple connectivity (SPI/SDIO or I2C/UART interface). ESP8266EX is among the most integrated WiFi chip in the industry; it integrates the antenna switches, RF balun, power amplifier, low noise receive amplifier, filters, power management modules, it requires minimal external circuitry and the entire solution, including front-end module, is designed to occupy minimal PCB area.
NodeMCU V2 / NodeMCU v1.0 Pins
NodeMCU V2 / NodeMCU v1.0 Pinout (Board view)
Table below shows the standard GPIO table for ESP8266. Both ESP-12 and ESP-12E is quite similar but somehow there is an extra of 6 GPIO pins in ESP-12E. This ESP-12E (ESP8266EX) is embedded with an enhanced version of Tensilica L106 Diamond series 32-bit micro controller (MCU) which features extra low power consumption and 16-bit RSIC. The CPU clock speed is 80MHz which also can reach a maximum value of 160MHz. ESP-12E is often integrated with external sensors and other specific devices through its GPIO.
ESP8266EX WiFi SoC is embedded with memory controller, including SRAM and ROM. MCU can visit the memory units through iBus, dBus, and AHB interfaces. All memory units can be visited upon request, while a memory arbiter will decide the running sequence according to the time when these requests are received by the processor.
This module is mounted with an 4 MB external SPI flash to store user programs. If larger definable storage space is required, a SPI flash with larger memory size is preferred. Theoretically speaking, up to 16 MB memory capacity can be supported.
ESP8266 GPIO Table
Below is an overview video of NodeMCU V2.
Overview of NodeMCU V2 ESP8266 Arduino IDE Compatible
Features: The wireless SoC has the following: 802.11 b/g/n protocol Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz, support WPA/WPA2 Integrated 10-bit ADC Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack -ipv4 only at the moment Integrated TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier and matching network Integrated PLL, regulators, and power management units +20dBm output power in 802.11b mode Supports antenna diversity Integrated low power 32-bit MCU The 32-bit MCU has the following: GPIO, I2C, ADC, SPI, PWM and many more Running at 80MHz 64KBytes of instruction RAM 96KBytes of data RAM 64KBytes boot ROM 4MB of flash RISC architecture
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NodeMCU V1 also known as NodeMCU v0.9 is the 1st revision of NodeMCU series. Based on Lua script programming, this WiFi Internet of Things (IOT) module is also compatible with Arduino IDE. This module utilizes ESP8266 ESP-12 chip which is a 32 bit microcontroller unit (MCU).
NodeMCU was created shortly after the release of ESP8266 chip by Espressif. NodeMCU was started on 13 October 2014 when Hong uploaded the first file of NodeMCU firmware to GitHub. Later on many makers contributed to this NodeMCU community. The most important update is when Devsaurus ported to NodeMCU project on Jan 2015. This contribution enable NodeMCU to easily communicate with LCD, screen, OLED and VGA.
Back view of NodeMCU V1 / NodeMCU v0.9
Front view of NodeMCU V1 / NodeMCU v0.9
ESP-12 consist of 16 pin which then routed to be used in NodeMCU V1. Figure below show the pins of NodeMCU v0.9 or NodeMCU V1. By default, there are 17 GPIO pins whereby only a few of them are usable.
NodeMCU V1 / NodeMCU v0.9 Pins
The integration of ESP-12 into NodeMCU platform allow easier application of this IoT module to integrate with various sensors and display module. Programming become easier since there is no need to use FTDI adapter because users just need to plug in USB only.
NodeMCU V1 /NodeMCU v0.9 Pinout (Board view)
The default GPIO table for all ESP8266 module is shown below. Each GPIO can be configured into different function.
ESP8266 Default GPIO Table
Below is an overview video of NodeMCU V1. The specification of this IoT module is summarized together below the embed video.
Overview of NodeMCU V1 ESP8266 Arduino IDE Compatible
Features: The wireless SoC has the following: 802.11 b/g/n protocol Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz, support WPA/WPA2 Integrated 10-bit ADC Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack -ipv4 only at the moment- Integrated TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier and matching network Integrated PLL, regulators, and power management units +20dBm output power in 802.11b mode Supports antenna diversity Deep sleep power <10uA, Power down leakage current < 5uA Integrated low power 32-bit MCU The 32-bit MCU has the following: GPIO, I2C, ADC, SPI, PWM and many more Running at 80MHz 64KBytes of instruction RAM 96KBytes of data RAM 64KBytes boot ROM 4MB of flash RISC architecture
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In order to use 3.7 V lithium ion battery as a main power source of microcontroller board that require a at least 5V input voltage, an adjustable step up voltage booster DC to DC module is require. The most well known booster module is XL6009 module. This module able to increase input voltage ranging from 3.2V to 30V dc and produce an output ranging from 5V to 35V dc.
The key principle on how booster work is the tendency of inductor to overcome the change of current and destroy the magnetic field. The buck boost converter is a type of DC-DC converter that has greater output voltage or less than the input voltage. In this tutorial, the step-up buck boost converter is used to increase the small input voltage to a higher output voltage.
XL6009 DC-DC Step-up Voltage Booster Module
3.7V 650mAh Lithium Ion Battery
Figures above show the main components that will be used in this tutorial. We will increase 3.7V of battery up to 30V. User can adjust the voltage based on your own requirement. Video below show the step on how to connect battery and adjust the resistor of DC-DC module in order to increase the output voltage.
How to increase input voltage using XL6009 Adjustable Step Up Voltage Booster DC to DC
Steps: 1. Connect positive and negative input of XL6009 module with 3.7 V lithium ion battery. 2. Connect the output of XL6009 module with multimeter. 3. Adjust variable resistor on XL6009 module. Features: Input voltage range: 3.2 to 30Vdc. Output voltage range: 5 to 35Vdc. Output rated current: 2A. Output maximum current: 3A (need to add heat sink). Conversion efficiency: 94%. Switching frequency: 400kHz. Dimension: 41 x 20 x 14 mm. Weight: 12g
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